Controversial "Rapid-Onset Gender Dysphoria" Theory Ignites Free Speech Debate

A recent social media post by Dilan Esper has reignited discussions surrounding academic freedom and the concept of "rapid-onset gender dysphoria" (ROGD), asserting that efforts to label the term "debunked" constitute an attempt to suppress free speech. Esper specifically cited the experiences of researchers Lisa Littman and Michael Bailey, suggesting they faced interference for their work.

"When the trans movement uses this term 'debunked', they are specifically trying to interfere with people's free speech. They are saying these things should not be published or disseminated. They tried to do that to Lisa Littman and Michael Bailey," Esper stated in the tweet.

The controversy centers on Lisa Littman's 2018 study, which introduced the hypothesis of ROGD, describing a phenomenon where adolescents, primarily natal females, develop gender dysphoria suddenly during or after puberty without a prior history of gender identity issues. Littman's study, based on parental reports from specific websites, suggested potential influences from social contagion and peer groups. Despite undergoing a correction and republication by PLOS ONE to address methodological concerns, the study's findings have been widely criticized by many in the scientific community and transgender advocates for its methodology and potential to stigmatize transgender identities.

Michael Bailey, a professor of psychology, has also been a figure in contentious discussions surrounding gender identity. His 2003 book, The Man Who Would Be Queen, which explored the causes of male-to-female transsexualism, drew significant criticism for its theories and methodology, leading to accusations of transphobia and ethical concerns. Critics argued that his work contributed to harmful stereotypes and lacked scientific rigor.

The term "debunked" has been applied to ROGD by several medical and psychological organizations, including the American Psychological Association, which, along with 61 other healthcare providers, signed a letter in 2021 denouncing ROGD as a clinical diagnosis. These organizations argue that a growing body of scientific evidence contradicts the theory, particularly the notion of "social contagion" causing young people to seek gender-affirming care. The debate highlights a broader tension between academic inquiry into sensitive topics and concerns over the potential for research to be used to undermine the validity of transgender experiences and rights.