Global South Adopts Transactional Stance in Emerging Bipolar World, Leveraging BRICS+ and OPEC+ for Concessions

Geopolitical strategist Velina Tchakarova asserts that the Global South is not "neutral" but "transactional" in the evolving "Cold War 2.0," actively seeking concessions from major powers. This approach, highlighted by the expansion of blocs like BRICS+ and OPEC+, signifies a shift where these nations prioritize access to markets, infrastructure, and technology over ideological alignment. Tchakarova characterizes these states as "auctioneers in the bifurcating global system," a departure from being mere "swing voters."

The concept of "Cold War 2.0" describes a deepening global rift between the United States and the "DragonBear" (China and Russia), leading to a bifurcated international system. In this environment, countries of the Global South are increasingly adopting pragmatic foreign policies, aiming to benefit from competition between these dominant poles. Their strategy involves hedging bets and diversifying partnerships to secure national interests.

BRICS+, which recently expanded to include new members like Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Indonesia, and the UAE, embodies this transactional approach. With over 45% of the world's population and significant GDP, the bloc aims to challenge Western-dominated institutions and reduce reliance on the U.S. dollar. Member states seek alternative financing through institutions like the New Development Bank (NDB) and aim to foster trade in local currencies, providing a buffer against geopolitical uncertainties and sanctions.

The influence of groups like OPEC+ further underscores this transactional dynamic, particularly in energy markets. Oil-producing nations within the Global South leverage their resources to gain economic advantages and strategic autonomy. This collective action allows them to extract favorable terms and diversify their economic relationships, moving away from singular dependencies.

Tchakarova's analysis suggests that the Global South's pursuit of "optionality" reflects a strategic decision to maximize benefits in a multipolar world. By engaging with both traditional Western powers and emerging Eastern blocs, these nations are reshaping global power dynamics. Their focus remains on tangible gains and development, rather than aligning with any specific ideological camp.