A recent survey by the Pew Research Center reveals that a median of 58% across nine middle-income countries perceive investment from China as beneficial due to its role in creating jobs. This figure notably surpasses the 52% median who hold the same positive view regarding investment from the United States. The findings underscore differing perceptions of economic engagement from the two global powers in key developing economies.
The survey, conducted between January 8 and April 21, 2025, encompassed Argentina, Brazil, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Mexico, Nigeria, South Africa, and Turkey. The primary reason cited by respondents for their positive outlook on foreign investment was the creation of employment opportunities within their respective nations. As stated by the Pew Research Center on social media, "> A median of 58% across nine middle-income countries surveyed say investment from China is a good thing because it creates jobs in their country. A 52% median say the same about investment from the U.S."
While China's investment generally garnered higher approval for job creation, the report highlighted regional variations. In countries such as Indonesia, Mexico, South Africa, and Turkey, a larger proportion of the population viewed Chinese investment more favorably than U.S. investment. Conversely, in India, a greater number of people saw U.S. investment as more beneficial for their country.
These perceptions are set against a backdrop of increasing competition between the United States and China for global influence, particularly in middle-income countries. The Pew Research Center's broader analysis indicates that while views of China have seen a slight improvement in many regions, opinions of the U.S. have, in some instances, become more negative. This dynamic suggests that economic benefits, particularly job creation, play a significant role in shaping public attitudes towards major foreign investors.
The survey's results offer valuable insights into how economic engagement translates into public sentiment, emphasizing that direct benefits like job creation are critical factors for populations in these strategically important nations. The ongoing competition between Washington and Beijing will likely continue to be influenced by how their respective investments are perceived to contribute to local economies and livelihoods.