UK Policies on Refrigerants and Street Lighting Fuel 'Degrowth Mindset' Discussion

Recent policy developments in the United Kingdom concerning air conditioning and street lighting have drawn criticism from public figures, with James Clark asserting these measures reflect a "Degrowth mindset" embedded in UK policy. Clark, in a recent tweet, specifically cited regulations impacting air conditioning in housing and the dimming or switching off of street lights as examples.

Contrary to claims of an effective ban, UK air conditioning policy primarily focuses on environmental efficiency. From January 1, 2025, single-split air conditioning systems using refrigerants with a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of more than 750 will be prohibited for sale in the UK under updated F-Gas regulations. This move aims to transition the industry towards lower-GWP alternatives like R32. Additionally, systems with an effective rated output of over 12kW have been subject to mandatory energy efficiency inspections for years, designed to improve efficiency and reduce carbon emissions.

Regarding street lighting, many local authorities across England and Wales have indeed implemented policies to dim or switch off lights during certain hours, particularly overnight. These initiatives are largely driven by efforts to reduce energy costs and meet carbon emission targets.

The impact of reduced street lighting on public safety and the night-time economy remains a subject of ongoing debate and research. While some studies suggest little evidence of increased road accidents or crime, public perception often leans towards heightened fear. Thames Valley Police and Crime Commissioner Matthew Barber, for instance, has voiced concerns that such measures could compromise public safety and confidence, particularly affecting women and vulnerable individuals, and impact the night-time economy.

The term "Degrowth mindset," as used by Clark, refers to an economic theory advocating for a planned reduction of energy and resource consumption in high-income nations. This approach aims to bring the economy into balance with ecological limits, reduce inequality, and improve overall well-being, moving away from a sole focus on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth. Proponents argue it is a necessary pathway to achieve ambitious climate goals, while critics raise concerns about potential economic disruption and social impacts. The UK's energy efficiency and carbon reduction policies, such as those affecting refrigerants and street lighting, align with the resource reduction principles central to degrowth, regardless of the government's stated intent.